How to Spot and Report Fake News on Social Media

I've written a number of times about fake news including this post on how to recognize fake news on social media. It's an important subject because there's so much of it.

The first rule is to be sure information comes from a trustworthy site. Well-known sites are one thing, but there are many sites today reporting interesting news that individuals may not be personally familiar with. I use a browser extension called NewsGuard. It maintains a list of trusted sites and shows a green check by search results for those sites. Users can submit other sites for consideration. The important caveat is that it evaluates the site, not the individual news item. It is helpful, but certainly not a complete answer. Users still have to be on the alert.

https://www.factcheck.org/2016/12/video-spotting-fake-news/

So here are some resources. FactCheck.org is run by the Annenberg Public Policy Center; the site owner is one of the keys to trustworthiness. It has a video as shown in the graphic. The site's post on the subject is a couple of years old, but all its points are still valid. FactCheck.org is one of the fact checkers working with Facebook to identify false news. I wish them luck, but without a lot of optimism.

It would certainly help if users themselves pointed out suspect content. Here are three sites you might want to consider using:

Facebook:  Users can check the validity of a post before they share it. How often that is helpful depends on the success of Facebook's own attempts to identify fake content. Users can ask Facebook to investigate content. Facebook says users can check the status of their request.

Google: The help page says the user can see fact checks in search results. It also says that the fact checks are conducted by publishers and it sounds as if that means a site fact-checking its own content. That doesn't seem to be the meaning. The fact-checked search results I can find have been checked by one of the established fact checking sites. That means the fact checks are credible but it also means that only s small set of politically-oriented content is included. Try some searches for statements that are frequently presented as fact and see what you find.

The Poynter Institute points out that Google is building a search engine for fact checks. It is still in beta and I doubt if anyone except a journalist is going to get access at present. If it works and is opened to the public it would be a step forward.

YouTube: The site has been adding encyclopedia links to videos that seem to promote conspiracy theories. Slate has an article that explains pros and cons and shows an example. I can't find anything recent on how that's going or whether it plans to add other topics.

That's a short and not very inspiring look at the current status of fact-checking, especially on social media sites. Much remains to be done before users should share with any degree of confidence unless they have other sources to validate social media posts.

If you have any experience using any of these tools and sites, your comments would be welcome.

Stay Safe!

How to Identify Fake News in Social Media

Identifying fake news on social media platforms is difficult for the individual user, primarily because it comes from trusted friends. It is also particularly dangerous for the same reason; the trusted source makes it more likely to be believable.

Analytics site Statista has an interesting page that highlights numerous pieces of data about fake news. The data in this first chart should surprise no one. As a single site Facebook is still king of the hill when it comes to fake news, although Twitter is not that far behind.

If you too feel surrounded by fake news, the second chart will be interesting. It shows the U.S. to be considerably behind three other countries in terms of exposure to fake news. There may be reasons why various countries have different levels of exposure to fake news, but they are not evident upon simple inspection.





NBC news explains a bit how bots work to distribute fake news and gives some tips for recognizing a fake news post when you see it. The advice may seem a bit familiar, but it is good. Remember that the source of fake news is something fake. Their recommendations have some good commentary:

• "Question the source. If a story comes from a newspaper, is it from a reputable site? The Denver Guardian, cited often in 2016, never existed and listed an empty car park as its address.
• Look for confirmation. If you don’t see a story across mainstream media, there’s probably a good reason why. “Mainstream media is motivated by getting an audience.” Huxley* says.
• Check the facts with third-party sites like Snopes and Politifact. Admittedly, though, fact checking has its limits. By the time a claim is researched and proven false, it may have already reached millions of accounts.
• Call out fake news you see in your network — but do it privately. “What polarizes people further is calling them out publicly. Then people get defensive because it makes them look stupid or gullible for posting it in the first place.” Huxley says." 

*Sam Huxley. practice chair of risk and business strategy, for the communications firm LEVICK.

 
Those are good suggestions, and we should all be following them. The article has another good idea, though, "Burst your own bubble." We all live in self-created bubbles these days. In following content we enjoy we have surrounded ourselves with content we agree with. Subscribe to some feeds that provide alternative points of view. Your own perspectives will be stronger after some reflection.

There are other sites and a few tools that can help in this challenging endeavor. I'll discuss some of those tomorrow.

Stay safe!